篇名

世界上最寬鬆的安樂死法──比利時安樂死法【醫法新論】   試閱

並列篇名

The Most Liberal Legislation Concerning Euthanasia in the World: The Belgian Act on Euthanasia

作者
中文摘要

比利時在2002年頒布安樂死法,經過2005年和2014年的修改之後,成為迄今世界上最寬鬆的安樂死法。首先,積極安樂死的合法化得到立法的承認,且不僅包括醫師提供藥劑、患者自己管理下的幫助自殺,亦包括醫師透過注射藥劑親手實施的安樂死。其次,請求安樂死的患者無年齡限制,不具有自主能力的兒童只要具有辨識能力就有請求權。再者,成年患者和具有自主能力的未成年患者不僅可以基於肉體折磨,亦可基於精神折磨請求安樂死,且不以死亡在近期發生作為請求安樂死的前提條件。最後,臨床上,如此寬鬆的安樂死法也給醫師帶來了莫大的負擔,面對患者經常性提出的安樂死請求,需要在繁重的日常醫療活動之外拿出大量的時間討論安樂死請求的恰當性。

英文摘要

The Belgian Act on Euthanasia, promulgated in 2002 and then amended in 2005 and then in 2014, stands for the most liberal legislation concerning euthanasia in the world. First, legislated euthanasia can be exercised in two ways. One is the physician’s administration by, for instance, directly giving a lethal injection and the other, also called physician-assisted suicide, is the patient’s self-administration with the aid of the physician. Second, there is no upper limit age bar for requesting euthanasia, which means a “minor with the capacity of discernment” is also eligible. Third, an adult patient or an emancipated minor can request euthanasia based on the constant and unbearable physical and as well as mental suffering even if not expected to die in the near future. Finally, the most liberal euthanasia legislation means also a heavy burden for the physician, who has to face with frequent request for euthanasia from patients and consequently spare much time to discuss whether or not the request is reasonable and acceptable.

起訖頁

159-180

出版單位
DOI

10.3966/241553062019120038012  複製DOI  DOI查詢

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