析論人體基因資料庫於AI時代面臨的法律挑戰【本期企劃】 試閱
An Analysis of the Legal Challenges Faced by Human Genetic Databases in the AI Era
本文以「台灣精準醫療計畫」為例，探討人體基因資料庫在人工智慧（AI）時代面臨的法律挑戰。人工智慧強大的分析能力提高了人體基因資料的再識別風險，衝擊現行個資法規的去識別化標準。因應「人工智慧基本法」通過，本文分析同意制度、資料治理、演算歧視及商業利益共享等新興議題。本文主張未來應建立動態同意與持續性風險評估機制，取代傳統的一次性規範，以平衡醫療創新與個人及社會權益保障。
This article uses the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) as a case study to examine the legal challenges faced by human genetic databases in the era of artificial intelligence (AI). AI’s powerful analytical capabilities increase the risk of re-identifying genetic data, thereby undermining existing de-identification standards under current personal data protection regimes. In light of the enactment of the Artificial Intelligence Fundamental Act, this article analyzes emerging issues such as consent mechanisms, data governance, algorithmic discrimination, and the sharing of commercial benefits. It argues that the future framework should adopt dynamic consent and ongoing risk-assessment mechanisms in place of traditional one-time rules, in order to balance medical innovation with the protection of individual and societal rights and interests.
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