從醫事人員限制出境禁令論紓困條例的憲法爭議【特別企劃】 試閱
The Triumph of Human Rights? The Constitutional Controversies of Travel Restrictions on Medical Personnel
嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎於今年造成世界大流行的災情，也讓防疫成績斐然的臺灣，成為歐美各國眼中的防疫典範。然包含2月份實施的醫事人員出境禁令在內，臺灣諸多防疫政策仍有侵害人民原本受憲法保障的基本權之嫌疑，相關政策不僅溯及既往，且於授權明確性、比例原則的必要性上，均有違憲的可能。就其不足之部分，理當應由總統頒布緊急命令，或以立法院盡速修改作為法源的「嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎防治及紓困振興特別條例」為補足，否則儘管在防疫上獲得了成功，卻難謂能兼顧人權之保障。
The spread of severe pneumonia with novel pathogens (COVID-19) causes worldwide casualties this year, and Taiwan’s success in epidemic prevention has made her a model in the eyes of the occidental countries. However, many of Taiwan’s epidemic prevention measures, including the travel restrictions on medical personnel put in practice in February, are controversial in terms of human rights. These policies are retrospective, and suspicious of unconstitutionality in contravening the principle of clarity and the principle of proportionality. To make up for its deficiency, it is necessary for the President to issue emergency decrees or the Legislative Yuan to revise the Special Act with all despatch, lest we win the war against the epidemic but fail to strike a balance with protecting human rights.
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