論醫療體系中愛滋資訊之蒐集與揭露──以美國法為鑑【醫法新論】 試閱
The Collection and Disclosure of HIV/AIDS Information: A Study of American Law
人類免疫缺乏病毒傳染防治及感染者權益保障條例規定，愛滋感染者有揭露感染狀態之義務，而許多感染者揭露後，於醫療現場中便受有遭受不公平對待之風險。然而，基於醫療服務的特性、醫事人員的職場安全，醫事人員又時有知悉感染狀態之必要。有鑑於此衝突，本文採取比較法之觀點，以美國愛滋法對於感染者有關資訊保護之豐富的規範與理論為借鏡，對臺灣法進行檢視。本文認為應刪除感染者權益保障條例第12條第1項之病人揭露義務，以及修正第14條保密義務之例外揭露規定，並且加入公正第三方評估資訊使用，以保障感染者隱私權益、促進醫事職場安全。
The HIV Infection Control and Patient Rights Protection Act (“HIV/AIDS Act”) of Taiwan stipulates that people living with HIV have the obligation to disclose their state of infection to the medical staffs. The disclosure obligation often leaves the infected patients to the risk of unfair of medical treatment. Based on the characteristics of medical services and the occupational safety, the HIV/ AIDS information is necessary information for the medical staffs. Given this dilemma, this article takes a comparative approach by referring to the robust regulation and jurisprudence on the protection of HIV/AIDS information in the US law and further examining the law of Taiwan. This article reaches the following conclusions: the patient’s disclosure obligation of the Section 1, Article 12 of the HIV/AIDS Act should be removed; the exemptions of the disclosure obligation of Article 14 should be amended; moreover, in order to protect the infected patient’s privacy and to promote medical safety, the requirement of authorizing a just third party to evaluate the use of information should also added to the law.
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