行動健康應用程式:破壞性創新、管制和信任——相互平衡之必須 (一)【全球瞭望】 試閱
mHealth Apps: Disruptive Innovation, Regulation, and Trust-A Need for Balance (I)
行動健康,即行動裝置和無線技術在健康照護中的應用,以及行動健康應用程式(行動健康的一個子分類),預計將帶來更多聚焦於個人健康照護的成果。這些技術預計將使病人更積極地參與自己的健康照護,減少對密集醫療介入的需求。因此,行動健康應用程式技術可能會重新設計現有醫療架構,使系統更加高效、高持續性,同時更便宜。作為一種破壞式的創新,它可能會藉由病人透過遠端或線上獲得醫療服務而改變醫療專業人員的角色,從而顛覆現有的醫療系統。這與國家衛生服務政策制定者的更加廣闊的敘事不謀而合,其重點是個人化醫療中,病人自負更大的責任,以及潛在的成本降低。本文認為,雖然行動醫療應用程式作為一種破壞式技術,個人化醫療和病人自我負責的概念可能會支持醫療系統轉型和成本降低,但兩者都需要病人對新技術的安全性和保障之信任。能夠增強人民信任的方式,只能透過傳統與其他管制機制來實現,以降低科技潛在的破壞性風險。
mHealth, the use of mobile and wireless technologies in healthcare, and mHealth apps, a subgroup of mHealth, are expected to result in more person-focussed healthcare. These technologies are predicted to make patients more motivated in their own healthcare, reducing the need for intensive medical intervention. Thus, mHealth app technology might lead to a redesign of existing healthcare architecture making the system more efficient, sustainable, and less expensive. As a disruptive innovation, it might destabilize the existing healthcare organisation through a changed role for healthcare professionals with patients accessing care remotely or online. This account coincides with the broader narrative of National Health Service policy-makers, which focusses on personalized healthcare and greater patient responsibility with the potential for significant cost reductions. The article proposes that while the concept of mHealth apps as a disruptive technology and the narrative of personalisation and responsibilisation might support a transformation of the healthcare system and a reduction of costs, both are dependent on patient trust in the safety and security of the new technology. Forcing trust in this field may only be achieved with the application of traditional and other regulatory mechanisms and with this comes the risk of reducing the effect of the technology’s disruptive potential.
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