日本醫療爭議訴訟外紛爭解決機制──以民間型ADR為中心【醫法新論】 試閱
A Study on Alternative Medical Malpractice Dispute Resolution in Japan-Focusing on non- Governmental Organization ADR
許多研究指出,「法院」並非解決醫療糾紛的最適管道。訴訟無論在「既有損害之填補」或「未來傷害之預防」上都不符合成本效益,因此世界各先進國家在過去20年來熱烈關切如何建制有效的醫療訴訟外紛爭解決機制。
日本通過「訴訟外紛爭解決程序利用促進相關法」之立法並於2007年施行,使各領域的專業人士或組織能參與訴訟外紛爭解決的行列。而醫療爭議於訴訟外之紛爭處理機制,也在日本的法制文化下發展出多元的面向。本文旨在介紹日本醫療爭議訴訟外處理機制,分析相關民間團體的訴訟外爭議處理程序之進行並加以比較其特色,以期作為臺灣規劃醫療糾紛訴訟外紛爭解決機制之參考。
There are plenty of literatures demonstrating that courts are not the appropriate forum for resolving medical malpractice disputes. Litigations certainly are not cost-efficient in achieving either the function of damage compensation or future injury prevention. Accordingly, it has been ardently studied on how to design an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) to better suit the needs of patients and physicians in case of medical malpractice. To facilitate professional or non-profit /non- governmental organizations in various fields participated in the alternative dispute resolution system, Japan accomplished the legislation of “Act on Promotion of Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution” which took effect in 2007. Due to legal system and culture in Japan, alternative dispute resolutions of medical disputes are developing multifaceted. Firstly, this article will introduce Japan’s alternative dispute resolutions of medical disputes. Then, this paper will compare the processes and features in different non-profit/non-governmental organizations in hopes of providing suggestions for our country to establish medical dispute resolution mechanisms in the future.
143-162