防禦性醫療之行為與法律【本期企劃】 試閱
Defensive Medicine and the Law
醫療事故責任之分配，性質上為醫療事故（事前）風險之分擔，因此在自治作為私法之基礎原則下，其是要以具體契約為之。但基於文化或法律之原因，其未能明文約定之，於是事故一旦發生，責任誰屬，即可能產生爭執。法院應基於契約之對價原則，即越是重症或急症，醫方負責任之標準越低，而非侵權責任之越是行為危險，行為之責任標準越高，因為醫療事故（事前）風險是原生於病方而非醫方—醫方（事前）是在減少而非增加醫療事故風險的。
Under the self-governance principle of private law, the assignment of risk concerning medical accidents should be based on contracts. Usually, these contract provisions would have not been written down due to emergency or cultural factors. Nevertheless, the courts should adopt contractual rather than tortious approach to determine medical practitioner’s liabilities because the medical treatments ex ante reduce the risk while tortfeasor’s activity ex ante increase the risk. This means if liability even based on ’’negligence’’ is imposed on medical practitioners, defensive medicine would result therefrom.
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