精神鑑定之實務與挑戰【本期企劃】 試閱
Practice and Challenge of Forensic Psychiatry
精神醫學向來有雙重角色,除運用專業知識協助司法官決定適當處置外,更基於保障與治療之前提,提供專業意見。刑事責任之能力、監護與輔助宣告要件等的鑑定,已成為例行的精神醫學業務,但民事相關的鑑定,如涉及醫療決策與各種能力的判準,仍有許多待發展的空間。「可教化性」的鑑定雖有爭議,但是對於新生的、涉及精神醫學或心理學的待證事實,法庭仍會不斷地尋求鑑定人意見。以酒駕與毒品犯罪為例,刑事司法體系顯然會繼續朝向「治療性司法」的方向邁進。具有特殊知識經驗的精神科醫師,更將持續扮演刑事司法體系中不可或缺的一環。
Psychiatry has always a dual role, application of professional knowledge to assist the judiciary to decide appropriate disposal, and based on the premise of protection and treatment, to provide expert opinions. Criminal responsibility and civil custody have become routine evaluations of forensic psychiatry. However, civil issues, such as medical decision-making and the ability to various decisions and judgments, have ample space for development. The problem of “correctability” in the death penalty is controversial, but in deciding those newly obscure facts, the courts will continue to seek the opinions of psychiatry or psychology. The criminal justice system will continue to head in “therapeutic justice” direction while managing drunk driving and drug crime. The psychiatrists with specialized knowledge and experience will continue to play an indispensable part of the criminal justice system.
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