【醫療民事法】醫療糾紛所涉昏迷病患住院治療案:論醫療契約之成立與醫病關係【學習式判解評析】 試閱
A Medical Lawsuit about a Hospitalized Patient Who Sank into Unconsciousness: On the Establishment of a Medical Contract and the Relationship between Physicians and Patients
病患至醫療機構就醫,通常係由病患與醫療機構間締結醫療契約,當病患因昏迷而欠缺意思表示能力時,實務上有依據醫療法第63條,指出此時病患之法定代理人、配偶與親屬等關係人除可代為簽具醫療同意書,亦可代理其與醫療機構間締結醫療契約。本文認為,若因病患無法為意思表示,即認醫療契約無法締結,則醫療照護義務範圍將因欠缺契約內容而陷於不明。蓋民事上之契約責任係在保護當事人間之利益,倘若未來發生醫療糾紛,病患基於契約責任之主張較侵權行為責任有諸多優點,至於醫療機構亦得基於契約向病患請求醫療服務之對價。
When a patient seeks medical advice in a hospital, there would be a medical contract between the patient and the hospital. According to Paragraph 63 Medical Act, the legal representative, the spouse and the family memberships could sign the consent form for medical treatments and conclude a medical contract with the hospital, if the patient is failed to express his own will. According to the assumption in this paper, the medical contract could not be concluded without any expression of patient’s will and it could lead to a problem that the range of medical treatments could be unclear due to the lack of a contract. The civil responsibility of the contract aims to protect the interests of two parties. A patient’s claim which is based on the contract could be better than a claim based on torts on the one hand. On the other hand, the hospital could also claim to the patient for the payment of medical treatments according to the medical contract.
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