由防疫保單論特約條款與除外條款【本期企劃】 試閱
An Examination of Warranty and Exclusion from Perspective of Pandemic Insurance
特約條款與除外條款於實務中經常混淆，在防疫保險條款中，亦有類似問題。我國文獻有引用德國法見解，以是否屬於隱藏性義務來判斷兩者。而美國法亦有相當之討論，以該條款是否著重在增加潛在風險之事實，或是否必須是造成損失之直接原因者為斷。就結論而言，不論採德國法或美國法之規則，均能有助於區辨特約條款與除外條款。未來在解釋相關條款時，實應予注意。
The warranty and exclusion clause are usually confused with each other in practice, and there is no exception in pandemic insurance. In Taiwan, there is literature based on German law to apply “verhüllte obliegenheiten” theory for distinguishing them. The U.S. law also have relevant discussions, concerning if the clause focuses on the fact increasing potential risk, or if the causation between the fact and loss is required. In conclusion, the German rule or the U.S. rule can both contribute to distinguish warranty and exclusion. The interpretations of these clauses are worthy of more attention in the future.
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