中國民法典視角下尊嚴死的概念界定、權利屬性和立法模式【本期企劃】 試閱
The Concept Definition, Right Attribute and Legislative Model of Death with Dignity from the Perspective of Civil Code
現代醫學尤其是護理學的發展，使得末期病患不必再透過尋求安樂死結束痛苦的生命以保全其臨終時的尊嚴。在世界絕大多數國家均對安樂死持否定態度的情況下，尊嚴死無論係於醫學或法律上都足以取代安樂死。因此，在明確尊嚴死應有意涵的基礎上，制定尊嚴死法律，則彰顯了一國法律對臨終病患人格尊嚴的尊重。民法典第1002條的生命尊嚴條款，揭示了自然人尊嚴死權利的法律屬性，在解釋論的視角下，完全可以作為尊嚴死立法的民法規範基礎。該條法規範作為援引性規範與尊嚴死特別法規範共同構成了尊嚴死制度的法規範體系。
Modern medicine, and especially nursing, has made it unnecessary for terminally ill patients to seek euthanasia to end their painful lives in order to preserve their dignity at the end of life. With the majority of countries in the world having a negative attitude toward euthanasia, death with dignity is a sufficient substitute for euthanasia in both medical and legal terms. Therefore, the enactment of a law on death with dignity, based on a clear definition of what death with dignity should mean, demonstrates the respect of a country’s law for the dignity of the dying patient. Article 1002 of the Civil Code reveals the legal nature of the right to die with dignity of a natural person, from an interpretive point of view, can be used as the basis of civil law norms for death with dignity legislation. This legal norm, as an invocative norm, together with the special legal norm of death with dignity, constitutes the legal normative system of the death with dignity regime.
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