篇名

1990年後的日本藥物濫用防制對策【月旦時論】   試閱

並列篇名

Japan’ s Policy on Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

作者
中文摘要

為處理藥物濫用問題,日本定有「麻藥及影響精神藥物取締法」、「大麻取締法」、「鴉片法」與「覺醒劑(安非他命)取締法」等法規之明文,此四部法規被併稱為「藥物四法」,加上「國際規制藥物合約相關之麻藥及影響精神藥特例法」,亦有一說統稱為「藥物五法」,除此再加上其他相關法律,其規範之範圍擴及合法與非法藥物、管制藥品等。有鑑於施用毒品之犯罪類型具有依存性與習慣性等特徵,日本防止毒品施用與防治再犯政策除有體系化之作法外,亦將毒品等藥物濫用犯罪從過往的刑事法體系予以抽離,以部分緩刑附保護管束並以「病人」方式進行後續處遇。本文聚焦於日本內閣府所定之1990年代後直至現今之藥物濫用對策與處遇,並根據日本厚生勞動省之實務資料進行比較文獻之探討,並一併說明何謂日本藥物五法與目前日本防範藥物濫用再犯處遇之政策。

英文摘要

In its ongoing efforts to deal with the problem of drug abuse, Japan has enacted such laws as the Narcotic and Psychotropic Substance Control Law, the Cannabis Control Law, the Opium Law, and the Awakening Drug Control Law; together with the Special Provisions on Narcotic Substances, these statutes are collectively referred to as the “five drug laws,” and regulate both legal and illegal drugs (scheduled drugs). In view of the role of dependence and addiction in drug-related crimes, Japan has begun to move away from its previous emphasis on criminal sanctions by adopting policies which regard drug addicts as patients in need of treatment, rather than as criminals to be punished. In this paper I examine the various measures which have been adopted in Japan since the 1990s for dealing with drug abuse, and analyze the relevant data published by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, focusing on the effectiveness of the “five drug laws” in dealing with drug abuse and recidivism.

起訖頁

150-174

出版單位
DOI

10.53106/241553062022070069012  複製DOI  DOI查詢

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