第三方精卵捐贈生殖及匿名制的變遷：以英國規範發展為例【醫法新論】 試閱
Gamete Donation and Changing Anonymity in Third-Party Reproduction: UK Regulations
人工生殖科技使用人數持續增加，包括涉及第三方生殖細胞捐贈而出生的後代。對於第三方捐精捐卵的臨床實作與法律規範從無到有。本文以英國為例，法律並未禁止親友之間的捐贈，對於陌生捐贈者，一開始採取匿名制，避免捐贈方與受贈方之間產生糾紛爭議；然而第三方捐贈而生之後代的權益，特別是知的權利，逐漸跟著社會文化中對兒童權益的倡議而受到重視，逐漸朝向身分揭示制度修訂。本文考察英國的人工生殖科技發展過程中涉及第三方精卵捐贈及匿名制的變遷，指出三方利害關係人的權益以及保護方式，以思考臺灣人工生殖法相關規範與制度之設計。
The use of assisted reproductive technologies is on the rise, including the birth of offspring resulting from third-party reproduction. The clinical practices and legal regulations of gamete donation have evolved over time. Taking the United Kingdom as an example, while the laws permitted donations among known individuals, an anonymous donor system was adopted for unrelated donors to avoid disputes between donors and recipients. However, the rights of offspring born through third-party donations, especially their right to know their origins, have gained importance in line with social advocacy for children’s rights in UK. This has led to identity-release donation. This article examines the shift in third-party donation in the United Kingdom. It highlights the interests of all stakeholders involved and the system to contain them, offering insights for the regulations and system designing of third-party reproduction in Taiwan.
119-141
