巨量健康資料之智財保護與公平競爭【本期企劃】 試閱
IP Protection and Fair Competition for Big Data in Healthcare
健康大數據或巨量資料之利用，以及人工智慧、機器（深度）學習等技術於健康醫療體系之應用特性與脈絡，尤其對於俗稱「黑盒子」特性之資料科學類型，其運用預測性演算法甚可望延伸至醫療之診斷、決策上，具有精準醫療或個人化醫療之願景。本文嘗試進一步將討論範疇擴展至市場競爭架構。概如Myraid案所示，其於乳癌基因專利之原始市場優勢，若透過不當之市場力延伸，快速成為後續生物標記次級市場之獨占者，將不利生醫資料基礎設施優勢發揮。尤其健康醫療巨量資料具有明顯之外溢效果與公有財特性，於多邊平臺經濟特性發揮下，應如何確保「延伸資料」此一次級市場之公平競爭，以免耐久之長期市場力量侵蝕動態競爭效率，故本文拋磚引玉，期許國內研究提早規劃因應者。
This paper focuses on health big data analytics, and the related legal issues of applying AI and machine learning (ML) into health care systems. In particular, the so-called “black box” data science mains to extend its predictive algorithms for the use of medical diagnosis or decision makings. This paper argues for fair competition structure for big data in healthcare market. For instance, Myraid has been reported to leverage its market power from primary DNA patents to secondary (consequently collected and proprietary) biomarker data. The unique substantial spillover and public goods economic features thus shall be the main focus for future policy advocates.
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