從新冠肺炎的診治費用談起【月旦時論】 試閱
On the Diagnosis and Treatment Expenses of COVID-19
新冠肺炎不是單純的個人、家庭事務，涉及到廣大民眾的公共利益和社會各方面的公共安全，法定傳染病患者的診療救治理當基本診療部分全免費。這類醫療和衛生服務（管理型、強制性服務）是政府傳染病防控職能的技術性的延伸與落實，此時的醫院、疾控中心均並非民事主體，其服務並不具備平等、自願、等價有償的民事法律屬性三要素，不是民事服務，其醫患關係也並非民事法律關係，而是基於「傳染病防治法」規制的防控機制授權的行政主體，提供的是行政性管理型強制性服務，其醫患關係也是行政法律關係。假如在此法定診治、控制過程中有不當的侵權損害，自然也並非民事的侵權損害之訴，不該尋求民事損害賠償，依法訴訟維權不該是民事訴訟，而是行政訴訟，應尋求的是國家侵權賠償。
COVID-19, rather than a purely personal or family affair, affects the public interests and social security. In this regard, the basic diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from this notifiable infectious disease should be free of charge. The medical and health service (management and compulsory service) is the technical extension and implementation of the government’s infectious disease prevention and control function. Hospitals and Center for Disease Control are not civil subjects. The services they offer do not reflect the three principles of civil law, namely fairness, voluntariness and making compensation for equal value, and the doctor-patient relationship is a civil legal relationship. They are administrative subjects authorized by the prevention and control mechanism under the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. They provide mandatory administrative management services and the doctor-patient relationship is also an administrative legal relationship. In case of any tort in the process of statutory diagnosis, treatment and control, it is obviously not a civil tort and civil damages should not be sought. An administrative lawsuit, instead of a civil lawsuit, should be filed to safeguard legal rights and seek tort compensation from the state.
123-129
